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William L. Johnston (1811–49) was a carpenter-architect who taught architectural drawing at the Carpenters' Company of Philadelphia, and won a number of important Philadelphia commissions. He died of tuberculosis at the age of 38 after a trip abroad for his health. == Philadelphia buildings == * Phil-Ellena (George Washington Carpenter mansion), Germantown, Philadelphia, PA (1844, demolished 1898).〔(Phil-Ellena ) at Bryn Mawr College〕 This mammoth Greek-Revival mansion on a estate was the largest private residence in Philadelphia. * Mercantile Library (Burroughs Building), 125 S. 5th St., Philadelphia, PA (1844–45, demolished 1925).〔John Thomas Scharf & Thompson Westcott, ''History of Philadelphia'', (Philadelphia: 1884), pp. 1211-12〕 * Bank of Commerce, 211 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA (c. 1846, demolished).〔(1851 panorama showing Bank of Commerce ) from Bryn Mawr College〕 "BANK OF COMMERCE, formerly the Moyamensing Bank. Incorporated in the year 1832, with a capital of $250,000. The present banking-house of this institution, located in Chestnut west of Second Street, is constructed of brown stone. In the design of this building, the architect, the late Mr. JOHNSTON, has evidently studied utility more than display; yet the genius of the true artist manifests itself throughout, and few of our public buildings of this order, surpass it as an imposing piece of architecture."〔R. A. Smith, ''Philadelphia as it is in 1852'' (Philadelphia, 1852), p. 105.〕 * Central Presbyterian Church, 832-36 Lombard St., Philadelphia, PA (1848). Founded by Rev. Stephen H. Gloucester, a former slave, this was the first black Presbyterian church in Philadelphia. The congregation moved to West Philadelphia in 1939, and the building is now a private residence.〔(Rev. Gloucester and Central Presbyterian Church ) from Plan Philly〕 * Entrance Gate to Hood Cemetery (aka Lower Burying Ground), 4901 Germantown Ave., Germantown, Philadelphia, PA (1849).〔(Hood Cemetery Gate ) from Flickr〕 * Jayne Building, 242-44 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA (1849–50, demolished 1957) (completed by Thomas U. Walter).〔(Jayne Building ) at Historic American Buildings Survey〕 Charles E. Peterson argued that Johnston's -tall building was a proto-skyscraper, and influenced the Chicago architect Louis Sullivan, who worked directly across the street from it in the office of Frank Furness. Peterson's efforts to save the building were unsuccessful; it was demolished in 1957 in the creation of Independence National Historical Park.〔Charles E. Peterson, "Ante-Bellum Skyscraper", ''Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians'', 9:3 (Oct. 1950), pp. 25-28.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William L. Johnston」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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